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Participants in the 1998 Washington & Melbourne Dialogues

The dialogues were initiatives of the National Centre for South Asian Studies and the Monash Asia Institute, Australia

Nishat Ahmad

Lt General Nishat Ahmad was Commandant of the National Defence College, the premier educational institution of Pakistan which runs year long courses for the senior civil and military officers. After his retirement from the army in 1988, he served with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Government of Pakistan from 1988 to 1993. He is currently the President of the Institute of Regional Studies Islamabad, an autonomous organisation which undertakes research on South Asia, Central Asia, China, Afghanistan, Iran as well as the Indian Ocean rim countries. All of its research work is published for public information.

Li Bijian

Mr. Li Bijian was born in Sichuan Province, the People�s Republic of China on 23 July, 1966. He passed the entrance exams and was enrolled into the English Department of then Sichuan Institute of Foreign Languages, majoring in English language and American and British literature. He graduated and gained his first Bachelor Degree in Literature from the University in 1986, he was enrolled into the Department of International Politics of the Renmin University of China in Beijing, majoring in international relations and the world economy. He was awarded a second Bachelor Degree in Law from Renmin University in 1988. Mr Bijian was then employed by the China Institute of International Studies affiliated with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China. He worked in the Division for Soviet and Eastern European Countries (now the Division for Russia, Eastern Europe and the CIS Countries), majoring in the foreign policy and security strategies of Russia and the major countries of that region. From 1993 to 1997, he was posted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China to Chinese Embassy in Bangladesh and worked in the Political Section. He successively held the positions of Third Secretary and Second Secretary. He concurrently acted as the Ambassador�s English interpreter. After the end of his tenure in mid of 1997, Mr. Li returned to CIIS and became the Director for the Division of International Politics, majoring in the security strategy and arms control in Asia and Pacific region. He is now the Associate Research Fellow of the institute.

Mr. Li has published a lot of articles on international relations and security issues. To name a few of them: the U.S. Policy Adjustment towards Asia and Pacific; the Directions and Tasks of Peace Studies in the Post Cold war Era; the Influence of Asia Financial Crisis on the Security Environment in Asia and Pacific; the Asia Crisis and China�s Economic Security; the Perspectives on the Military and Security Relations between China and the U. S. in the First Decade of 21st Century; the Reasons Why China Was Strongly against TMD etc. He also wrote a number of papers for internal circulation and translated many papers and a few books from English into Chinese.

Robert Bruce

Robert H. Bruce is Associate Professor of International Politics, and Head, School of Social Sciences and Asian Languages, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. His most recent books are "Discourses of Danger and Dread Frontiers: Australian Defence and Security Thinking After the Cold War"(co-editor) (St.Leonards, Australia: Allen and Unwin in association with the Department of International Relations and the Peace Research Cnetre, Australian National University, 1996) and "Peacekeeping and Peacemaking: Towards Effective Intervention in Post-Cold War Conflicts (co-editor) (London: Macmillian / New York: St. Martin's, 1998). He is also editor of "Prospects for Peace," "The Indian Navy," "Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia and the Middle East," and other books on international politics in the Indian Ocean. In 1996 he was professeur invite, faculty of law, University of Grenoble-II (France).

Brahma Chellaney

Brahma is Professor of Security Studies at the New Delhi-based Centre for Policy Research (CPR), a privately-funded think tank. He specializes in international security issues, particularly arms control and disarmament. Professor Chellaney has held appointments at the Brookings Institution, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University and the Australian National University.

Stephen P Cohen

Stephen P. Cohen is Senior Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program of the Brookings Institution, and Adjunct Professor at Georgetown University. He retired as Professor of History and Political Science from the University of Illinois in 1998, where he continues to holds the title of Senior Research Scientist in the Program in Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security (ACDIS), of which he was a co-founder and director.

In 1992-93 Prof. Cohen was Scholar-in-Residence at the Ford Foundation, New Delhi, and from 1985-87 a member of the Policy Planning Staff of the U.S. Department of State where he advised on matters pertaining to South Asia, security, and proliferation issues. He has appeared on national radio and television, including All Things Considered and Nightline. Recently, Prof. Cohen served on the Asia Society�s study of US -South Asian relations (1994), and was a member of the Council on Foreign Relations 1996 Task Force on South Asia. He has been the founder-chair of the Workshop on Security, Technology and Arms Control for younger South Asian and Chinese strategists, held for the past five years in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka and China, and is on the Research Committee of the South Asian strategic organization, the Regional Centre for Security Studies, Colombo.

Dr. Cohen has written, co-authored, or edited eight books. These include The Pakistan Army (revised edition, 1998, with pirate editions published in Pakistan and China), The Indian Army (revised edition, 1990), the co-authored Brasstacks and Beyond: Perception and Management of Crisis in South Asia (1995), and India: Emergent Power?. Edited books include Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia (1990) and South Asia after the Cold War: International Perspectives (1993). Work in progress includes a monograph contrasting regional and non-regional perceptions of South Asian security issues (Every Fifth Person: Perceptions of War and Peace in South Asia), a study of crisis decision making under near-nuclear conditions in South Asia, based on interviews with former American, Pakistani, and Indian decision-makers and a book on the Indian state in the next century.

Professor Cohen received BA and MA degrees in Political Science from the University of Chicago, and the Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of Wisconsin, with a minor field in Indian Studies. He has conducted research in China, Britain, India, Pakistan, the former Soviet Union and Japan, has been a visiting professor in Tokyo, Japan, and Andhra University, India, and the recipient of grants from the Ford Foundation, the US Institute of Peace and the American Institute of Indian Studies. He has served as a consultant to the RAND Corporation, the Department of State, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Department of Defense, and various foundations.

Married to Roberta Brosilow, Stephen Cohen has six children. His biography is in the current edition of Who's Who in the United States

Derek da Cunha

Derek da Cunha is a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) in Singapore. He has MPhil and PhD degrees in the field of international relations from Cambridge University and the Australian National University respectively. He is Coordinator of Regional Strategic and Political Studies at ISEAS, and Editor of the journal Contemporary Southeast Asia. His research interests lie in the field of defence and security related to Southeast Asia and the wider Asia-Pacific, and Singapore society and politics. His publications include the edited volume The Evolving Pacific Power Structure (ISEAS, 1996), and The Price of Victory: The 1997 Singapore General Election and Beyond (ISEAS, 1997).

Stephen P Gibert

Stephen P. Gibert is a Professor of Government and Director of the National Security Studies Program at Georgetown University. He was formerly a defense consultant for Stanford Research Institute, and Visiting Professor at the United States Naval War College. He was also appointed by President Ronald Reagan to the Defense Advisory Group during the 1980 presidential campaign. His books and monographs include East Asia in American Foreign Policy (Co-Author); America and Island China (Co-Editor); Security in Northeast Asia (Editor and Contributor); Northeast Asia in United States Foreign Policy; Soviet Images of America; Guns and Rubles; and Arms for the Third World: Soviet Military Aid Diplomacy (Co-Author). Dr Gilbert�s most recent book, The America That Can Say No, was published in Tokyo in 1994.

Hua Han

Hua Han is an Associate Professor at School of International Studies. She received her Bachelar and Master degrees at Peking University. She created an Arms Control and Disarmament Program at Peking University in 1997, which is the second university-based arms control program in China. She is specialized in international nuclear arms control regime, focusing on nuclear issue in South Asia and China-South Asian relations.

Devin T Hagerty

Currently Lecturer in International Politics, Department of Government, University of Sydney. Author of "The Consequences of Nuclear Proliferation: Lessons from South Asia," MIT Press, 1998. Ph.D., Political Science, University of Pennsylvania, 1995. M.A.L.D., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University,1987 B.A., Rutgers University, 1984. Worked as a U.S. congressional staffer from 1986 to 1989.

Timothy D Hoyt

Timothy D. Hoyt, Ph.D is currently Director of Special Programs and Adjunct Professor for the National Security Studies Program of Georgetown University, in Washington, DC. He has taught graduate-level courses in national security, strategy, and international relations and coordinated political-military simulations for the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies of the Johns Hopkins University, Georgetown University, the U.S. Department of Defense, and the Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research (ECSSR) in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Dr. Hoyt received a Ph.D. in International Relations and Strategic Studies from Johns Hopkins University in 1997. His dissertation examined the relationship between national security policy and military-industrial development in India, Iraq, and Israel from 1945-1995. He has worked for the U.S. Department of State's Center for the Study of Foreign Affairs, the U.S. Army Security Assistance Command, and the Congressional Research Service's Foreign Affairs and National Defense Division, as well as the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. Dr. Hoyt has written articles and papers on a variety of subjects, including the global diffusion of military technologies and practices, proliferation of strategic weapons in the developing world, the effectiveness of sanctions as a substitute for force in the international system, and regional security in the Middle East and South Asia.

Wade Huntley

Wade Huntley is Program Director for Asia-Pacific Security at the Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainable Development. His areas of expertise include international security, nuclear nonproliferation and arms control, political relations in the Asia-Pacific region, and political theory. His publications include "Nonproliferation Prospects after the South Asian Nuclear Tests," The Nonproliferation Review 6:1 (Fall, 1998); "Thresholds in the Evolution of Social Science," in Rudra Sil and Eileen Doherty, eds., Beyond Boundaries: Complexity and Synthesis in International Studies (SUNY Press, forthcoming, 1999); "Extended Nuclear Deterrence in Northeast Asia," Pacifica Review 9:2 (October/November, 1997); "An Unlikely Match? Kant and Feminism in IR Theory," Millennium: Journal of International Studies 26:2 (Fall, 1997);"The Kiwi That Roared: Nuclear-Free New Zealand in a Nuclear-Armed World," The Nonproliferation Review 4:1 (Fall, 1996); and "Kant's Third Image: Systemic Sources of the Liberal Peace," International Studies Quarterly 40:1 (March, 1996). Dr. Huntley received his Ph.D. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1993, and has been visiting professor at the University of Hawai'i at Hilo and at Whitman College in Walla Walla, Washington.

Jim Kennan

Jim Kennan was Chairman of the Australia India Council from 1995 -98. The Council is a bilateral council funded by the Australian Government. It sponsors projects in a ranged of fields including health, education, law, environment and culture. Jim Kennan is a lawyer by training and practised as a barrister in Melbourne, before entering the Victorian Parliament in 192. He was a Minister in the Victorian Government from 1983 -92, and held various ministerial portfolios including Attorney
General, Major Projects and Planning and Environment. He was Deputy Premier from 1990 -92 and was Leader of the Opposition when he retired from Parliament in 1993. He is now the CEO of an Australian company with a manufacturing base in California.

Brigadier Shaheedul Anam Khan

Brigadier Shaheedul Anam Khan, Commissioned in the army in 1968. Attended the Army Staff Course,Camberley, UK 1979, and the National Defence College, New Delhi,1988. Awarded 'Masters in Defence Studies' from NDC, New Delhi. Brig Khan has attended number of international Seminars, Conference and Symposia on Security. Brig Khan has authored several articles for Seminars and International Journals including,"Security of Bangladesh in the 21st Century."" Nuclearisation of South Asia :Concerns of Non-nuclear States." "Security, Defence and Development." "Nuclearisation of South Asia: A view from Bangladesh." Brig Khan has been in his present appointment as the Director General of the Bangladesh Institute for International and Strategic Studies since Feb 1997.

Alister Maitland

Retired from ANZ Banking Group after 35 years as Executive Director International. Served in New Zealand, United Kingdom and Australia. For the last six years was directly responsible for the Banks' operations in forty-two countries. Current appointments include:

Mohan Malik

Dr Mohan Malik is Senior Lecturer and Director of the Defence Studies Program at Deakin University, Victoria, Australia. He has contributed several chapters to books and published over 60 articles on security issues in the Asia-Pacific in leading International Relations/Strategic Studies journals. Dr Malik is the author of The Gulf War: Australia's Role and Asian-Pacific Responses (Strategic and Defence Studies Centre/ANU Press, 1992), China and Nuclear Arms Control (Oxford University Press, forthcoming), and Editor of the three volumes on Asian Defence Policies (Deakin University Press, 1994), The Future Battlefield (Deakin University Press, 1997), and Australia's Security in the 21st Century (Allen & Unwin, 1999). He has done consultancy work for the Australian Department of Defence, and the UK -based Jane's Information Group. Dr Malik has been
awarded the Department of Defence Visiting Fellowship twice in 1991 and 1998 at the Strategic & Defence Studies Centre, the Australian National University, Canberra. He is a member of the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies and lectures regularly at the Australian Army Command and Staff College, Fort Queenscliff, Victoria.

John Maloney

Professor John Maloney is the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (International & Public Affairs) at Monash University, Australia�s largest University with 8,000 staff, 43,000 students. His responsibilities include all Monash University�s international/global activities including negotiations with governments, bureaucracies, and the private sector in a number of foreign countries, such as the USA , South Africa, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, England and Germany. Professor Maloney has a Ph D from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney. His immediate past position was the Vice-Chancellor of Curtin University of Technology.

Deshamanya Dr Vernon L B Mendis

Deshamanya Dr Vernon L B Mendis Appointed to Sri Lanka Foreign Service being first professional diplomat of Sri Lanka: served in a number of missions in different capacities from 1950-1970: 1970-1974 Director General of Foreign Affairs which is de factor head of Foreign Affairs: 1974-1980 was High Commissioner to Canada, United Kingdom and France: 1980 retired from Foreign Service: 1980 - 1985 UNESCO Regional Director to Arab States from Cairo: 1991-1992 Fellow of United States Institute of Peace: 1995 up to now Director General of Bandaranaike International Diplomatic Training Institute: special highlight of my career Secretary General of Colombo Non Aligned summit 1976. Interest in security is the outcome of long experience with such issues in the course of my career. I have been associated with Sri Lanka initiatives in the field such as the Non Aligned movement, peace zone in the Indian Ocean, Disarmament. I am the author of the UN sponsored publication "Concepts of National Security in Sri Lanka." I am at present the Director on the board of the Regional Centre for Strategic Studies which is focussed on security issues.

John McKay

John McKay is Director of the Monash Asia Institute and Director of the Australian APEC Study Centre. He was awarded undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from the University of Durham (UK) and has held a Post-Doctoral Fellowship at the Ohio State University. He has held teaching and research appointments at the University of Liverpool and the University of Dar es Salaam as well as at Monash University, and has undertaken visiting appointments at Clark University, the Australian National University, the University of Lund, the Expert Group in Regional Studies in Stockholm and the Korean Institute of International Studies. His current research is concerned with:

The dynamics of economic and political change in North Korea. Industrial restructuring in Northeast Asia and the changing relationships between government and the private sector, especially in Korea and Taiwan. The relationships between rapid economic growth in Asia and social, political and demographic change. Government policies for technological change in Northeast Asia and the promotion of industrial competitiveness in sectors such as automobiles and electronics. Economic integration in the Asia-Pacific, and the development of APEC and other groupings in the region. The role of middle-sized powers, notably Australia and Korea, in the Asia-Pacific region.

Professor McKay is a member of the Executive Committee of the National Korean Studies Centre, and coordinated the research team which produced for the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade a major study entitled Korea to the Year 2000: Implications for Australia. He has also been heavily involved in �second-track� diplomacy programmes relating to the North Korean nuclear and energy situations, the nuclear rivalry in South Asia and the development of the Mekong Basin.
He is a member of the Executive of the Asian Studies Association of Australia, and from 1993 to 1997 was Joint Editor of the Asian Studies Review.

Vasily V. Mikheev

1976 � graduated from Moscow State Institute for International relations, Russian Foreign Ministry.
1978 � Candidate of Economic Science.
1992 � Doctor of Economic Science.
1976-1981, 1984-1993 � Researcher, Senior Researcher, Leading researcher, Head of Department, Institute for the Economy of the World Socialist System, Russian Academy of Sciences.
1981-1984 � First Secretary, Russian Embassy to North Korea.
1993-1996 � Councilor, Head of Political Section, Russian Embassy to Lithuania.
From 1996 � Chief Researcher, Institute for Far Eastern Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences.
From 1998 � Head of a group on Economic Globalization and Regionalism.

Most important publications (among 5 individual monographs, 10 collective monographs and 60 journal and newspaper articles published in Russia, the USA, Switzerland, Germany, South Korea, Vietnam, Mongolia and Cambodia)

Michael Newbill

Michael Newbill is a Research Associate at The Henry L. Stimson Center, working on the project on confidence-building measures in South Asia. Newbill received his MA from the University of Wisconsin at Madison in South Asian History and spent a year at Jawarharlal Nehru University on a Rotary Ambassadorial Scholarship.

Chung Oknim

Chung Oknim is Fellow at the Sejong Institute and a member of working advisory group for the National Security Council in the Blue House. Dr. Chung was an honorable Anam Scholarship Student at Korea University where she graduated summa cum laude, and received her Ph.D. degree in political science. She was a post-doctoral fellow at Stanford University's Asia Pacific Research Center from 1995 to 1996, and a visiting scholar at the Hoover Institution in 1996-97. She taught Foreign Relations of Korea at Stanford University in 1996, and Korea University in 1997-1998. Now she is teaching at Hanyang University. Her recent Korean-language publication, Five Hundred and Eighty Eight Days of North Korean Nuclear Crisis was summarized in English in the IRI Review (Fall, 1996). Dr. Chung wrote several articles : "The Origins and Evolution of U.S.-Japan Military Alliance: A Korean Perspective" (Daniel I. Okimoto & Michel Oksenberg, eds., America's Alliances with Japan and Korea in a Changing Northeast Asia (Stanford University Press, 1998), "South Korea: Economic Management and Democratization" (Co-author, in James W. Morley, ed., rev., Driven by Growth: Political Change in the Asia-Pacific Region (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1998), and "Regional Perspectives and Roles on the Korean Peninsula (Korea and World Affairs, Vol.22, No.2, Summer 1998), and "The Role and Limits of KEDO as an International Institution" (IRI Review, Vol.3 No.1, Spring & Summer 1998). Recently she took part in the CFR(Council on Foreign Relations)-Seoul Forum Project on Managing Change on the Korean Peninsula as a project director with Dr. Michael Green.

Philip Oldenburg

Philip Oldenburg is Associate Director of the Southern Asian Institute at Columbia University in New York. He has taught comparative politics, with a focus on South Asia, at Columbia and elsewhere, and has conducted research most recently on a project on the "grassroots foundation of state legitimacy in India." Published works include a book on municipal govenment in Delhi; articles on the breakup of Pakistan; the 1984 and 1989 elections in India; and on "The Middleman in Third World Corruption." He has edited or co-edited eight volumes in the India Briefing series, including the forthcoming "India Briefing: A Transformative Fifty Years,"edited with Marshall M. Bouton.

Ian Porter

Ian Porter was Australian High Commissioner to South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho from 1995 until April 1998. In May 1998 he took up a position at Monash University as Executive Director, International Affairs where he is responsible for helping Monash become a truly global university.

Following a period as a teacher at Echuca Technical School in Victoria, Porter joined the then Department of Foreign Affairs in 1973 and subsequently served in Tehran as Third Secretary and Hong Kong as First Secretary. He was acting High Commissioner in Tonga for several months in 1985.

From 1986 to 1987 Porter was Senior Private Secretary to the Australian Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs and subsequently became Counsellor and Deputy Head of Mission at the Australian Embassy in Manila. From 1991 to 1992 he was Head of Personnel, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in Canberra.

After a period of Indonesian language training, in 1993 he became Minister and Deputy Head of Mission at the Australian Embassy in Jakarta. In addition to service in Asia, he has had considerable experience working on the region in the Department of Foreign Affairs, including as Head of the China and South Asian Sections. As a teenager he lived in Malaysia for three years. Mr Porter gained a Bachelor of Arts Degree with Honours in Political Science and a Diploma of Education from the University of Melbourne.

Harun ur Rashid

Harun ur Rashid Mr Rashid joined the Pakistan Foreign Office in 1967. He was on deputation from the Foreign Office, attached for six month to the International Academy at The Hague, Netherlands and UN Secretariat, New York in 1969. After the independence of Bangladesh. Mr. Rashid was the Legal Adviser of the Foreign Office and in 1976 held the position as Director General in charge of South Asia and South East Asia till he was posted in Calcutta in 1979. Later he served as Additional Foreign Secretary from July 1986 to December 1987. He served as the head of Bangladesh diplomatic mission in various countries. He was posted as Bangladesh Deputy High Commissioner in Calcutta (1979-1981). Ambassador of Bangladesh to the Kingdom of Nepal (1981-1982), High Commissioner to Australia (1982-84), Ambassador to the Philippines (1984-1986) and Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the UN in Europe in Geneva (1987-1991) from where he retired.

Abdul Sattar

During career in the diplomatic service, Abdul Sattar was ambassador to Austria, India, and the former Soviet Union. As Foreign Secretary, he participated in the Geneva negotiations on Afghanistan, leading to agreement 1988 on withdrawal of Soviet forces. He was foreign minister in the caretaker cabinet in 1993.

As Distinguished Fellow at the US Institute of Peace, in Washington in 1994, he wrote an article on Reducing Nuclear Dangers in South Asia, published in Nonproliferation Review , Monterey,Californa, in Winter 1995. He contributed a chapter on foreign policy for a book, Pakistan In Perspective , editor Rafi Raza, published by.Oxford Unity Press, one the 50th anniversary of Pakistan's independence.

After the nuclear tests in 1998, he written articles on emergent issues in The News, Islamabad.

Teresita C Schaffer

Ambassador Teresita C. Schaffer has been Director of the South Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, D.C., since August 1998. She spent thirty years in the United States Foreign Service, spending about half her career working on South Asian issues and the rest divided between international economic issues and the Middle East. Her overseas postings included Israel, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. She was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for South Asia, then the top policy position dealing specifically with the region, from 1989 to 1992, and served as U.S. Ambassador to Sri Lanka from 1992-1995. She also served as Director of the Foreign Service Institute, as Director of the State Department's Office of International Trade, and as Director of the Office of Egyptian Affairs.

Lawrence Scheinman

Dr.Lawrence Scheinman is Distinguished Professsor of International Policy and Director of the Washington Office of the Monterey Institute of International Studies and Emeritus Professor at Cornell University. He is the former Assistant Director of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency responsible for Nonproliferation and Regional Arms Control, and previously served as Principal Deputy to the Deputy UnderSecretary and Senior Advisor to the UnderSecretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology (Carter Administration). He has also been Head of the Office of International Policy Planning at USERDA and Counselor for Nonproliferation at the Department of Energy, and for two years Special Assistant to the Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency. He has published extensively on nonproliferation and arms control, international integration and French politics. Dr. Scheinman was a member of the Council on Foreign
Relations/Brookings Institute Task Force on U.S. Policy Toward India and Pakistan. He holds a PH.D from the University of Michigan, a J.D. from NYU and is a member of the New York Bar.

Jasjit Singh

Yoshihide SOEYA

Yoshihide SOEYA has been Professor of Political Science and International Relations at the Faculty of Law of Keio University since 1995. Upon finishing B.A. and M.A. programs at Sophia University in Tokyo, he majored in World Politics at the Department of Political Science of The University of Michigan, obtaining Ph.D. in 1987. Before joining the Faculty of Law of Keio University as Assistant Professor in 1988, he served as Researcher at the Research Institute for Peace and Security in Tokyo where he now serves as Research Associate and co-edits its annual publication, Asian Security. His recent publications in English include Japan's Economic Diplomacy with China, 1945-1978 (London: Oxford University Press, 1998); "Japan's Dual Identity and the U.S.-Japan Alliance" (Asia/Pacific Research Center, Stanford University, May 1998); and "Vietnam in Japan's Regional Policy," in J. Morley and M. Nishihara, eds., Vietnam Joins the World (Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1997).

Richard Teare

Ambassador Richard W. Teare became Director of the Center for Australian New Zealand Studies in the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University in November 1998. Ambassador Teare retired from the U.S. Foreign Service in September 1998. His final assignment was as Foreign Policy advisor to the Commander in Chief, U..S. Pacific Command, at Camp Smith, Hawaii.He was Ambassador to Papua New Guinea, and concurrently to Solomon Islands and the Republic of Vanuatu, 1993-96, and before that Deputy Chief of Mission at the U.S. Embassies in Wellington, New Zealand, and Canberra, Australia. His other overseas postings included the Philippines, Vietnam and Laos, and in his Washington tours of duty he dealt primarily with Asian and Pacific matters.

Marika Vicziany

BA 1st class Hons. In History and Politics, University of Western Australia, 1969 and PhD School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 1975.

Dr Vicziany is a specialist in the economic history of South Asia, with a particular interest in long term trends and current public policies. Published works include reports, articles, chapters and books dealing with industrial development, mass poverty in South Asia, family planning and other government programs, foreign direct investment, case studies of Indo-Australian joint ventures and most recently has been working on matters of regional security which affect economic development.

In 1998 with co-author Oliver Mendelsohn published "The Untouchables: Poverty, Subordination and the State in Modern India" with Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Work in progress focuses on three areas: the transfer of technology to India with special reference to Australian companies; the security situation in South Asia and its regional implications; the role of foreign companies in the development of Malaysia.

Dr Vicziany is a Professor of Economic History, in the Economics Department at Monash University. She is also the Director of the National Centre for South Asian Studies in Melbourne, an Australia-wide network of about 120 South Asia specialists. The Centre, located in the Monash Asia Institute, undertakes a wide range of programs including consultancies, conferences, publications and promoting innovative research. Many of these programs are developed in collaboration with like minded institutions in South Asia, Europe and America.

In addition to her academic work, Dr Vicziany has acted as a consultant on South Asia to a wide range of Australian companies, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Australia Council. As the Director of the National Centre for South Asian Studies, in August 1998 Professor Vicziany initiated, in collaboration with the Monash Asia Institute, the first phase of an Australian based dialogue on security and disarmament in the Asia Pacific. The second phase is now being undertaken in collaboration with Georgetown University.

N N Vohra

Joined the Indian Administrative Service (1959) in the Panjab. Retired in 1994 after 35 years service in the Panjab and with the Government of India.

After the Sino-Indian conflict (1962) served the Directorate General of Security in an assignment along the W. Himalaya border. Among the many responsible positions held by him in the State, he served as Home Secretary, Panjab during a difficult period (1984-85) and dealt with the problems of insurgency and terrorism. In his subsequent tenure with the Government of India, he was in the Ministry of Defence (1985-93) successively serving as Secretary Defence production and Defence Secretary. As Defence Secretary he was responsible for security relations dialogues with the USA, UK , France, Japan, Thailand, then USSR (later Russia and the successor Republics), China, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal and intimately involved in defence related talks with Pakistan (1986-93). His last assignment with the Government of India was as Union Home Secretary (1993-94).

International experience includes an assignment with the W.H.O. (1982-84) as a Sr. Consultant in the Organisation�s S.E. Asia, European and Pan-America Regions.After retirement he took over as Director, India International Centre, New Delhi (1995-97), 1998 - ). Served as Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister of India (1997-1998)

Widely travelled. He has been lecturing at national military, police and civil training academies and writing on problems of public administration and national security.Married. His wife, also in the I.A.S., retired as Secretary to Government of India. Has two daughters; one is in the I.A.S. and the other a Chartered Accountant.

Samina Yasmeen

Dr Yasmeen is a senior lecturer in international politics in the Department of Political Science, University of Western Australia (UNWA), Perth. Before joining the university, she conducted post doctoral research on US military relations with Pakistan at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, at the Australian National University, Canberra. She has also worked as Executive Director of the Indian Ocean Centre for Peace Studies at the UNWA and Curtin Universities (1995), a research specialist in defence at the Legislative Research Service of the Australian Parliament (1985) and Senior Research Fellow in a UNESCO funded project at the Ministry of Education, Government of Pakistan (1977-79).

Dr Yasmeen is a specialist in political and strategic developments in South Asia and the role of Islam in world politics. She coordinated a project on �Confidence Building Measures in South Asia� from 1992-1995. The project involved officials, journalists and analysts from India, Pakistan, Nepal and Sri Lanka. Currently, she is directing a large ARC Grant project on �Women and Citizenship� which, among other issues, focuses on the views of Indian and Pakistani immigrant women on being an Australian citizens. She has written articles on Indo-Pakistan relations, political changes in Pakistan and the Kashmir issue. She recently completed a paper on �Pakistan�s Nuclear Tests: Domestic Debate and International Determinants� and is currently working on �Managing Security in Post-Nuclear South Asia.� Her most recent publications include �The Case for a South Asia Nuclear Weapon Free Zone�in Ramesh Thakur (ed.), Nuclear Weapons-Free Zones, Macmillan Press, 1998);�Sino-Pakistan Relations and the Middle East�, China Report, New Delhi, January 1999; �Pakistan: Moving Towards Democracy?� Asian Studies Review, November 1997. She is also a regular commentator on developments in South Asia and the Middle East on radio, TV and the print media.

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